{"id":3217,"date":"2019-06-12T18:32:28","date_gmt":"2019-06-12T16:32:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.howlanders.com\/?p=3217"},"modified":"2021-02-16T14:42:00","modified_gmt":"2021-02-16T12:42:00","slug":"alma-chile-telescope","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.howlanders.com\/en\/chile\/san-pedro-de-atacama\/alma-chile-telescope\/","title":{"rendered":"ALMA Chile: the largest telescope that focuses on the universe"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Located 5,000 meters above sea level, in a remote location reminiscent of the great plateaus of Mars, the <b>66 ALMA antennas<\/b> are searching for answers to questions about the <b>origin of the universe<\/b>.<\/p>\n<p>In this post we want to tell you all about the <strong>Chilean Atacama ALMA Observatory<\/strong>, the <b>best radio astronomy station in the world<\/b>.<\/p>\n<h2>Atacama ALMA Observatory<\/h2>\n<p>In Chile, you can <a title=\"Activities in San Pedro de Atacama\" href=\"https:\/\/www.howlanders.com\/en\/tours-chile\/san-pedro-de-atacama\">visit the San Pedro de Atacama Desert<\/a> a world that by the shapes of its volcanoes and the reddish color of the <a title=\"Moon Valley and Death Valley in Atacama\" href=\"https:\/\/www.howlanders.com\/en\/tours-chile\/san-pedro-de-atacama\/moon-valley\">Death Valley in Atacama<\/a>, is very reminiscent of the planet of Mars. But this Martian-tinged situation is not the only extraordinary thing visitors can find here. <\/p>\n<p>Located under the shadow of the Licanbur and L\u00e1scar volcanoes, at <b>2,900 meters above sea level<\/b>, is the <strong>operations center of the ALMA observation station<\/strong>. This center is connected to the <strong>Clano de Chajnantor Observatory<\/strong> at 5,000 meters above sea level where the 7 and 12 meter diameter antennas are located.<\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"ALMA telescopes at night\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blog.howlanders.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/telescopes-alma-atacama-chile.jpg?resize=640%2C310&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"telescopes with stars in the sky in alma atacama\" width=\"640\" height=\"310\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-15193\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blog.howlanders.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/telescopes-alma-atacama-chile.jpg?w=825&amp;ssl=1 825w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blog.howlanders.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/telescopes-alma-atacama-chile.jpg?resize=768%2C372&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blog.howlanders.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/telescopes-alma-atacama-chile.jpg?resize=124%2C60&amp;ssl=1 124w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>ALMA<\/strong>, acronym for <strong>Atacama Large Millimetre\/submillimetre Array<\/strong>, is the <strong>largest astronomical project in the world<\/strong>. Not in vain, universities, institutions and governments from different countries in America, Europe, and Asia are part of this international association that actively collaborates with the government of Chile.<\/p>\n<p>As of today, <b>ALMA in Atacama is the observatory with the highest investment in the world<\/b>, specifically more than <b>1,100 million euros<\/b>. Luckily, every astronomy lover can take the <a title=\"Astronomical tour of San Pedro de Atacama, Chile\" href=\"https:\/\/www.howlanders.com\/en\/tours-chile\/san-pedro-de-atacama\/astronomical-tour\">astronomical tour of San Pedro de Atacama<\/a>, and spend the night observing the stars from one of the best places in the world for it.<\/p>\n<p>The astronomical observatory consists of three parts: the original array with 50 antennas of 12 meters in diameter; the compact array funded by the Asian partners with four antennas of 12 meters in diameter; and, finally, twelve more antennas of 7 meters in diameter.<\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"Telescope under construction\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blog.howlanders.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/person-telescope-alma.jpg?resize=640%2C310&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"person inside a telescope while building in alma\" width=\"640\" height=\"310\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-15177\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blog.howlanders.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/person-telescope-alma.jpg?w=825&amp;ssl=1 825w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blog.howlanders.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/person-telescope-alma.jpg?resize=768%2C371&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blog.howlanders.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/person-telescope-alma.jpg?resize=124%2C60&amp;ssl=1 124w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>The world&#8217;s best radio astronomy station<\/h2>\n<p>The observatory ALMA of Atacama has its origin in the confluence of the observing agencies of the United States -NRAO- and its European counterpart -ESO-. It was in 1997 when they decided to combine their projects to create <b>the world&#8217;s largest radio astronomy facility<\/b>.<\/p>\n<p>Cooperation that was closed in 2004 with the incorporation of <b>Japan, Canada, Taiwan and, the owner of the observatory, Chile<\/b>. But ALMA still needed another decade to complete the assembly of the project.<\/p>\n<p>The first results from the full station, in its test phase during October 2009, exceeded expectations. Finally, in 2014, the last of its <b>66 antennas<\/b> arrived on the plateau and the station began to operate on a regular basis.<\/p>\n<p>One of the advantages of ALMA lies in the possibility of moving the antennas, thus changing the resolution and focus of the array. To do this, they use two giant trucks specially built to lift and transport the antennas with a weight of up to <b>100 tons<\/b> and at a <b>maximum speed of 12 km\/h<\/b>.<\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"Telescope transport at ALMA\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blog.howlanders.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/truck-transport-telescope-alma.jpg?resize=640%2C465&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"truck transporting a telescope in alma atacama\" width=\"640\" height=\"465\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-15185\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blog.howlanders.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/truck-transport-telescope-alma.jpg?w=825&amp;ssl=1 825w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blog.howlanders.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/truck-transport-telescope-alma.jpg?resize=768%2C559&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blog.howlanders.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/truck-transport-telescope-alma.jpg?resize=83%2C60&amp;ssl=1 83w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Thanks to this, scientists can fine-tune their observations and generate more accurate results. These two special trucks have extraordinary dimensions, measuring <b>6 meters high, 10 meters wide and weighing 130 tons<\/b>. Like the antennas, these beasts on wheels are engineering masterpieces.<\/p>\n<p>But probably the most important part of ALMA is its brain. It is a correlator with an operating capacity of 17 petaflops&#8230; Have you understood anything? Don&#8217;t worry. Basically, it is that thanks to its characteristics, it is one of the fastest supercomputers in the world, exclusive for research tasks. <\/p>\n<h2>The purpose of the antennas<\/h2>\n<p>At the time of its installation, the antennas were the most precise instruments in radio astronomy. The array operates with wavelengths from 9.6 to 0.3 millimeters and can analyze the light spectrum with great precision.<\/p>\n<p>Radio astronomy allows the visualization of radiation waves in the cosmos that human eyes cannot see. But with the help of antennas as precise as those of ALMA it is possible to <b>transform these waves of radiation into a visible spectrum<\/b>.<\/p>\n<p>In the past, radio astronomy was responsible for the discovery of different objects in space: <b>pulsars, quasars and other active galaxies<\/b>. Very important information to understand the evolution of the universe and our solar system as we know it today.<\/p>\n<p><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"Inside the ALMA Observatory inside\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blog.howlanders.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/observatory-alma-atacama.jpg?resize=640%2C310&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"person in observatory alma in san pedro de atacama\" width=\"640\" height=\"310\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-15203\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blog.howlanders.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/observatory-alma-atacama.jpg?w=825&amp;ssl=1 825w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blog.howlanders.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/observatory-alma-atacama.jpg?resize=768%2C372&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blog.howlanders.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/observatory-alma-atacama.jpg?resize=124%2C60&amp;ssl=1 124w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2>The future of Atacama ALMA observatory<\/h2>\n<p>With a lifetime of at least 30 years, scientists working at the ALMA station have a whole series of goals defined for the future. In its <b>roadmap for the coming years<\/b>, the European agency collaborating on the project has presented three measures to push them forward in the future:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><b>Origin of constellations<\/b>: scientists want to investigate the process of the birth of galaxies by analyzing their changes in the spectrum of light.<\/li>\n<li><b>Origin of chemical complexity<\/b>: tracing the evolution of organic molecules from the formation of stars and planets to the scale of solar systems and galaxies.<\/li>\n<li><b>Birth of planets<\/b>: Analyze the birth region of planets in solar systems to discover planets in the process of transformation.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>With these future goals and a bit of luck, ALMA is sure to surprise us with new discoveries in the coming years. <\/p>\n<p>And you, do you like astronomy? Would you like to visit the Atacama ALMA Observatory?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Located 5,000 meters above sea level, in a remote location reminiscent of the great plateaus of Mars, the 66 ALMA antennas are searching for answers to questions about the origin of the universe. In this post we want to tell you all about the Chilean Atacama ALMA Observatory, the best radio astronomy station in the [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":15189,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[698],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3217","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-san-pedro-de-atacama"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Atacama ALMA Observatory: the best in the world \ud83d\ude80 | Howlanders<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"We present the best place to see the stars at night. 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We tell you all about this place. \u2728\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/blog.howlanders.com\/en\/chile\/san-pedro-de-atacama\/alma-chile-telescope\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Howlanders Blog\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/howlanders\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-06-12T16:32:28+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-02-16T12:42:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/blog.howlanders.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/10\/telescopes-alma-atacama.jpg?fit=1200%2C700&ssl=1\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"700\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Lily\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@howlanders\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@howlanders\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Lily\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.howlanders.com\\\/en\\\/chile\\\/san-pedro-de-atacama\\\/alma-chile-telescope\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.howlanders.com\\\/en\\\/chile\\\/san-pedro-de-atacama\\\/alma-chile-telescope\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Lily\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.howlanders.com\\\/en\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/662d89bd1456de1d85f2910076882ac0\"},\"headline\":\"ALMA Chile: the largest telescope that focuses on the universe\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-06-12T16:32:28+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-02-16T12:42:00+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.howlanders.com\\\/en\\\/chile\\\/san-pedro-de-atacama\\\/alma-chile-telescope\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":844,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.howlanders.com\\\/en\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.howlanders.com\\\/en\\\/chile\\\/san-pedro-de-atacama\\\/alma-chile-telescope\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/blog.howlanders.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2018\\\/10\\\/telescopes-alma-atacama.jpg?fit=1200%2C700&ssl=1\",\"articleSection\":[\"San Pedro de Atacama\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.howlanders.com\\\/en\\\/chile\\\/san-pedro-de-atacama\\\/alma-chile-telescope\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.howlanders.com\\\/en\\\/chile\\\/san-pedro-de-atacama\\\/alma-chile-telescope\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.howlanders.com\\\/en\\\/chile\\\/san-pedro-de-atacama\\\/alma-chile-telescope\\\/\",\"name\":\"Atacama ALMA Observatory: the best in the world \ud83d\ude80 | Howlanders\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.howlanders.com\\\/en\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.howlanders.com\\\/en\\\/chile\\\/san-pedro-de-atacama\\\/alma-chile-telescope\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/blog.howlanders.com\\\/en\\\/chile\\\/san-pedro-de-atacama\\\/alma-chile-telescope\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/i0.wp.com\\\/blog.howlanders.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2018\\\/10\\\/telescopes-alma-atacama.jpg?fit=1200%2C700&ssl=1\",\"datePublished\":\"2019-06-12T16:32:28+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-02-16T12:42:00+00:00\",\"description\":\"We present the best place to see the stars at night. 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Cada a\u00f1o recorre un pa\u00eds de Am\u00e9rica Latina y ha repetido varias veces, sobre todo Per\u00fa donde dice sentirse como en casa (aunque dice lo mismo de Argentina, Chile y Bolivia). Le encanta el ceviche, el senderismo y los picnics de los domingos con sus amigos, aunque siempre que le preguntes, estar\u00e1 planeando su pr\u00f3ximo destino.\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Atacama ALMA Observatory: the best in the world \ud83d\ude80 | Howlanders","description":"We present the best place to see the stars at night. It is the Atacama ALMA observatory. 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